Identification of subtypes of type I and II diabetes mellitus in the CHINESE population - women
Diagnosis of LADA-type diabetes mellitus
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Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus' subtypes
LADA - Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults - It is the autoimmune diabetes that begins in adulthood and does not require insulin for glycemic control, at least for the first six months after diagnosis, due to the fact that the autoimmune process that destroys pancreatic β-cells evolves more slowly than in type 1 diabetes. It is sometimes also called diabetes 1.5. It has genetic, immunological and metabolic features common with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus with a progressively unfavorable course.
SAID - Severe Autoimmune Diabetes - is the classic type I, insulin-dependent and autoimmune diabetes, characterized by low insulin secretion and poor metabolic control. Increased risk of ketoacidosis at diagnosis, increased risk of retinopathy, and increased incidence of chronic kidney disease.
SIDD - Severe Insulin Deficient Diabetes - is a subtype of type I diabetes characterized by low insulin secretion, poor metabolic control, tendency to ketoacidosis, and increased risk of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. Found in 726 (31.2%) out of the 2.327 female subjects. The autoimmune process against β-pancreatic cells is missing. More details
MARD - Mild Age-Related Diabetes - Diabet Moderat Asociat cu Vârsta - a subtype of type II diabetes with onset at older ages and an overall low risk of developing complications but with an increased risk of coronary events and stroke. Found in 1,510 (64.9%) out of the 2.327 female subjects.
References
Xiao-fen Xiong et al.,
Identification of two novel subgroups in patients with diabetes mellitus and their association with clinical outcomes: A two-step cluster analysis.
J Diabetes Investig. 2021 Aug;12(8):1346-1358. doi: 10.1111/jdi.13494. Epub 2021 Feb 14. Available here.